مبانی حاکم بر معامله با حق استرداد و بیع شرط در فقه، حقوق ایران و مصر

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری حقوق خصوصی، گروه حقوق، واحد گرگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرگان، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه معارف اسلامی، واحد گرگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرگان، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه حقوق، واحد گرگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرگان، ایران.

چکیده

بیع شرط، حق استرداد و بیع خیاری نهادهایی هستند که آثار مختلف و برخاً مشترکی در معاملات دارند به طوری که بیع شرط و حق استرداد در حقوق ثبت در مفهومی واحد به کار رفته اند و همچنین در برخی مواقع ماهیت یکسان و همچنین مبانی مشترکی داشته که این موضوع در متون فقهی و مقررات قانونی مشهود است و در حقوق ایران، پذیرش اینگونه بیع مقبول افتاده است و به نظر می رسد یکسان دانستن مفهوم معامله با حق استرداد و بیع شرط با توجه به عموم و خصوص مطلق بودن صحیح نباشد. در حقوق مصر (بر خلاف حقوق ایران) پس از مدتی این نوع نهادها از قوانین حذف گردید و نظر اکثر حقوقدانان مصری بر آن بود که چون مشتری مالک مبیع نمی-شود، می‌بایست آن را رد نماید و بایع بدون رعایت مدت حق استرداد، حق مطالبه‌ی مبیع را دارد. هدف مقاله پیش رو بررسی مبانی حاکم بر معامله با حق استرداد و بیع شرط در فقه، حقوق ایران و مصر به روش تحلیلی – توصیفی با تطبیق قوانین ایران و مصر است که به این نتیجه دست یافتیم که مبانی حاکم بر معامله با حق استرداد و بیع شرط در هر دو حقوق متفاوت بوده و مبنای معامله با حق استرداد و بیع شرط در فقه و حقوق ایران مطابق فقه امامیه و در فقه و حقوق مصر بر اساس فقه حنفی شکل گرفته که عمده مبانی آن آیات، روایات، احادیث، سنت و عقل است که در بطن مقررات قانونی تبلور یافته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The principles governing the transaction with the right of restitution and conditional sale in jurisprudence, Iranian and Egyptian law

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farzad Baradaran Kenari 1
  • Soosan Narimani 2
  • Alireza Salami 3
1 PhD student in Private Law, Law Department, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Islamic Studies, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Law, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Contingent sale, right of return and right of return are entities that have different and common effects in transactions, so that conditional sale and right of return are used in a single concept in registration rights, and in some cases they have the same nature as well as common foundations. This issue is evident in jurisprudence texts and legal regulations, and in Iranian law, the acceptance of this kind of sale has become accepted, and it seems that it is not correct to equate the concept of transaction with the right of restitution and conditional sale, considering the generality and particularity of absoluteness. In Egyptian law (as opposed to Iranian law), the opinion of most Egyptian jurists was that since the customer does not become the owner of the seller, he should reject it, and the seller has the right to claim the seller without observing the period of the right of restitution. The purpose of the upcoming article is to examine the principles governing the transaction with the right of restitution and conditional sale in jurisprudence, the laws of Iran and Egypt in an analytical-descriptive method by applying the laws of Iran and Egypt, and we came to the conclusion that the principles governing the transaction with the right of restitution and sale The condition is different in both laws, and the basis of the transaction with the right of restitution and sale is the condition in Iranian jurisprudence and law according to Imami jurisprudence and in Egyptian jurisprudence and law, it is formed based on Hanafi jurisprudence, the main foundations of which are verses, hadiths, hadiths, tradition and reason. which is crystallized in the heart of legal provisions

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Transaction
  • right of restitution
  • condition sale
  • transaction price
  • Egypt
  • Iranian law

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پژوهشنامه حقوق تطبیقی
دوره 8، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 16
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  • تاریخ دریافت: 14 مهر 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 13 بهمن 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 21 اسفند 1402

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