مطالعه تطبیقی کارویژه احزاب در نظارت پارلمانی

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه حقوق عمومی، دانشکده حقوق، پردیس فارابی دانشگاه تهران، قم، ایران.

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، حقوق عمومی، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

3 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، حقوق عمومی، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

نظارت پارلمان یکی از آثار مهم نظام تفکیک قوا است که نقش فراوانی در تنظیم قدرت و پاسداری از حقوق شهروندان دارد که البته عوامل متعددی بر کارایی این نظارت در کنار بهره‌مندی از ابزارهای مختلف موثر می‌باشد. با توجه به نقش مهمی که تحزب و احزاب در حیات دموکراتیک جامعه و سامان دهی قدرت دارد ، نمی توان نقش احزاب را در تحقق نظارت پارلمانی مطلوب نا دیده گرفت. ازاین‌رو این مقاله با روش توصیفی و تحلیل منابع معتبر کتابخانه‌ای در پی پاسخ به این پرسش است که احزاب سیاسی چه نقشی در نحوه اعمال ابزار های سیاسی نظارت پارلمانی دارند. در این راستا یافته مقاله آن می باشد که سامان دهی منسجم درون‌حزبی در جهت بهره‌برداری کامل و جهت‌دهی به ابزار های نظارتی اهمیت فراوان دارد. اموری که فارغ از نوع نظام سیاسی و البته تفاوت در میزان توفیق، در پارلمان‌ های بسیاری قاعده‌ مند شده‌است؛ همچون ساماندهی گروه‌های پارلمانی، تعیین سمت‌وسوی جریان یافتن ابزار هایی چون سوال و تذکر و استیضاح کسب حمایت عمومی برای اعمال آن ابزار، قدرت رؤسای احزاب در ساماندهی و تشکیل و چینش ترکیب کمیسیون‌های ویژه و موارد مشابه، به همراه وجود ضوابطی در راستای تعدیل سلطه حزب اکثریت و جلوگیری از یک‌جانبه‌گرایی.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Comparative Study on the Functions of Political Parties in Parliamentary Oversight

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Ahmad Habibnezhad 1
  • Fatemeh Sadat Dehnad 2
  • Mohammad Shafaghi 3
1 Associate Professor, Department of Public Law, Faculty of Law, Farabi Campus, University of Tehran, Qom, Iran.
2 Master's student, Public Law, Faculty of Law and Political Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
3 Master's student, Public Law, Faculty of Law and Political Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Parliamentary oversight is one of the most important consequences of separation of power system which has a great role in regulating power and protecting the rights of citizens. However, several factors and tools saffect this supervision. Considering the important role of political parties in the democratic life of the society and the organization of power, the role of the parties in realizing the desired parliamentary supervision cannot be ignored. Therefore, this article used a descriptive method and analyzed the reliable library sources to answer the question regarding the role of political parties in the application of political tools of parliamentary oversight. In this regard, it was found that coherent organization within the party is very important to fully exploit and direct the monitoring tools. Subjects that have been regulated in many parliaments, regardless of the type of political system and the difference in the degree of success, were able to organize the parliamentary groups, determine the direction of the flow of tools such as questions, notes, impeachment, etc. (whatever issues are raised in the spotlight for everyone), gain public support for the application of those tools, obtain the power to organize and form the composition of special commissions, moderate the dominance of the majority party, and prevent unilateralism.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Oversight tools
  • political parties
  • parliament
  • parliamentary oversight
  • Parliamentary groups
  • majority party

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 22 تیر 1401
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 13 مهر 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 05 آبان 1401

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