اثرگذاری رسانه در ارتکاب و پیشگیری از جرم در پرتو جرم‌شناسی فرهنگی

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری حقوق کیفری، واحد امارات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، دوبی، امارات متحده عربی.

2 دانشیار مدعو، گروه حقوق کیفری، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

3 دانشیار مدعو، گروه حقوق کیفری، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

شاخه جرم ‌شناسی فرهنگی، بیش از سایر شاخه‌های جرم‌شناسی به تبیین و بررسی نقش رسانه‌ها در ارتکاب جرم و پیشگیری از جرم پرداخته است، لذا در این پژوهش که به روش توصیفی – تحلیلی تهیه و تنظیم شده است، مطالب مطروحه حول محور پاسخ به این پرسش اساسی بوده است که اصولاً از منظر جرم‌شناسی فرهنگی، رسانه چه تأثیری بر ارتکاب جرائم و پیشگیری از آن در جوامع دارد. یافته‌های پژوهش موید این است که این تأثیر در برخی موارد در پرتو بازتاب اطلاعات مربوط به جرائم صورت می‌پذیرد، نظیر عادی‌سازی جرم و گسترش خشونت یا تقلید و یادگیری و نظایر آن. جرم‌شناسی فرهنگی نیز در این خصوص قائل به این مسأله است که رسانه از طریق ترس اخلاقی، رویکرد عوام گرایی و نظایر آن بر افزایش ارتکاب جرم موثر خواهد بود. سایر نظریه‌ها مانند نظریه ایدئولوژی حاکم، کثرت‌گرایی و برچسب زنی نیز بر تأثیر رسانه بر ارتکاب جرم هم نظر هستند. نتایج تحقیق همین طور بیانگر این مسأله است که ظرفیت رسانه در فضای پیشگیری و مقابله با ارتکاب جرم نیز کارایی دارد و در مباحثی مانند آموزش عمومی و اطلاع رسانی اقدامات پیشگیرانه، برای پیشگیری از ارتکاب جرم کارکردهای قابل قبولی دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effectiveness of the media in committing and preventing crime in the light of cultural criminology

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamzeh Karaminaghibi 1
  • Behzad Razavifard 2
  • Hasanali Moazenzadegan 3
1 PhD student of criminal law and criminology, U.A.E Branch, Islamic Azad University, Dubai, UAE.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Criminal Law, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Criminal Law, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Increasing media diversity on the one hand, and the availability of traditional media (press, television) and modern media (cyberspace and social networks) on the other, have led criminologists to examine the effects of the media on crime. Carefully observed and studied Put. In this research, which has been prepared and arranged in a descriptive-analytical method, the issues raised have been around the answer to the basic question of ‘what negative role the media plays in increasing crime rates in societies from the perspective of criminology and its different approaches. The results and findings of the study confirm that traditional and modern media are effective in committing crime. This effect emanates from some cases such as the normalization of crime and the spread of violence, imitation, learning and an increase in Crime rates, change in the concept of crime, heroism, decline in media quality, disruption of the criminal justice process, the spread of prostitution, violation of privacy and the like. Different approaches to criminology in this regard also believe that the media through moral fear, broken window theory, social control theory, populist approach and the like will be effective in increasing crime. Other theories, such as the theory of prevailing ideology, pluralism, coercion and anomaly, labeling, and differential linking, agreed upon the effect of the media on crime.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Criminology
  • cultural criminology
  • media and crime
  • the impact of the media on crime
  • the impact of the media on crime prevention

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 24 اردیبهشت 1401
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 02 مرداد 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 03 شهریور 1401

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