ارزیابی مصادیق رویکرد ارفاقی نسبت به متهمان در فرآیند تحقیقات مقدماتی و چالش‌های پیرامون کاربست آن در حقوق ایران و فرانسه

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری حقوق جزا و جرم شناسی، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه حقوق جزا و جرم شناسی، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران

چکیده

اصلاح، درمان و بازسازگاری بزهکاران به‌عنوان نتیجه دستاوردهای جرم‌شناسی بالینی، اهمیت وافری در حقوق کیفری نوین دارد که همین امر منجر به شکل‌گیری سیاست جنایی مبتنی بر تسامح و مداراگرانه نسبت به بزهکاران جرائم کم اهمیت و مجرمان اتفاقی و همچنین محروم کردن بزهکاران جرائم مهم از ارفاقات نوین در اکثر نظام‌های حقوقی خاصه ایران و فرانسه گشته است. نتایج پژوهش پیش رو حاکی از این است که مصادیق رویکردهای ارفاقی در حقوق ایران در فرآیند تحقیقات مقدماتی از جمله اعطای فرصت به متهم، تعویق تعقیب، ترک تعقیب و بایگانی نمودن پرونده، هر چند از منظر روش و نحوه اجرا با نهادهای مصرحه در حقوق فرانسه از جمله مصالحه کیفری، جایگزین‌های تعقیب یا معامله اتهام تفاوت‌هایی دارد؛ لکن از لحاظ قابلیت، کارآمدی و هدفمندی دارای نتایج یکسان می‌باشد و هر دو با الهام از الگوهای مداراگرایانه، مؤلفه‌های اصلاحی و ترمیمی را نسبت به متهمان در جرم شناسی بالینی مدنظر قرار داده‌اند. مع الوصف؛ نگارنده در پژوهش پیش رو با روش توصیفی تحلیلی در پی ارزیابی مؤلفه‌های رویکرد ارفاقی نسبت به بزهکاران و چالش‌های پیرامون کاربست آن در پرتو سیاست جنایی قضایی ایران و فرانسه می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluating examples of a lenient approach towards defendants in the preliminary investigation process and the challenges surrounding its application in Iranian and French law

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Dadashi Haji 1
  • Seyed Ebrahim Ghodsi 2
1 PhD student in Criminal Law and Criminology, Faculty of Law and Political Science, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Criminal Law and Criminology, Faculty of Law and Political Science, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
چکیده [English]

Reformation, treatment and rehabilitation of criminals as a result of the achievements of clinical criminology are of great importance in modern criminal law. It has led to the formation of a criminal policy based on tolerance toward the occasional offenders, as well as depriving criminals of modern leniency in most of the legal systems, especially Iran and France. The result of the present study indicates that examples of leniency approaches in Iranian law in the process of preliminary investigations, including granting the accused a chance, postponing prosecution, abandoning prosecution and archiving the case, although there are differences in term of method and implementation with the institutions specified in French law, including criminal compromise, alternative to prosecution or plea bargaining, however, they have the same results in term of capability, efficiency and purposefulness, and both are inspired by tolerance models, have considered corrective components towards the accused in clinical criminology. However, in the present study employs a descriptive-analytical method to evaluate the components of the conciliatory approach towards criminals and the challenges surrounding its application in light of the criminal justice policy of Iran and France.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Conciliatory approach
  • Defendant
  • Tolerance and affability
  • Criminal prosecution
  • Clinical criminology
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Code de procédure Pénale - Amendment Dernière le 02 Janvier 2020 - Document generated le 29 Janvier 2020. Copyright (C) 2 2007-2020
Code pénal – Dernière modification le 2 janvier 2020- Document Généré le 04 Février 2020. Copyright (C) 2007-2020 Legifrance