نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دکتری حقوق بین الملل عمومی دانشگاه قم
2 استاد حقوق بین الملل، گروه حقوق بین الملل، دانشکده حقوق، دانشگاه قم
3 دانشیار گروه حقوق عمومی و بین الملل دانشگاه قم
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Ecocide refers to the destruction and devastation of ecosystems, resulting in severe consequences for the organisms within them. This phenomenon is recognized as a specific crime when caused by human activities. Currently, ecocide is only officially acknowledged as an international crime in certain wartime situations. However, given the ongoing environmental crisis, this legal definition appears inadequate. Eleven countries have already criminalized ecocide under titles such as "ecocide," "crimes against humanity," and "environmental pollution" in their laws. Additionally, in April 2024, the European Union decided to prosecute the most severe environmental crimes, making them punishable under EU regulations. This study explores the national laws of countries that have adopted stringent environmental crime legislation and EU guidelines using descriptive-analytical methods and library resources. The Iranian legal system is also examined in a general context. The primary objective is to meticulously analyze the laws and regulations within the legal systems of these countries and assess the impact of national criminalization on international recognition of ecocide. The central question is whether national criminalization of ecocide can influence its international criminalization. If the answer is affirmative, the hypothesis is strengthened that including this crime in national legislation will underscore the necessity for international criminalization and the development of similar laws in other nations.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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