برهم‌کنش صلح‌سازی و عدالت انتقالی در دوره پس از درگیری‌های داخلی

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری حقوق بین الملل، دانشکده حقوق، دانشگاه قم، قم، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه حقوق بین الملل، دانشکده حقوق، دانشگاه قم، قم، ایران.

چکیده

صلح‌­سازی و عدالت انتقالی از جمله فرایندهای مداخله­‌ای قلمداد می‌­شوند که در جوامع جنگ زده در دوره پس از درگیری بسیار حائز اهمیت هستند و مناسبات آنان با یک­دیگر شایسته توجه است. اساساً همواره، چالش انتقام و بخشش یعنی عدالت کیفری از یک سو و آشتی ملی از سوی دیگر، وجود داشته است. در خصوص بر­هم­‌کنش صلح‌­سازی و عدالت انتقالی، نظراتی متمایز، متعارض و حتی متناقض مطرح شده است. سطور پیش رو بر آن شده است تا به برهم‌­کنش صلح­‌سازی و عدالت انتقالی در دوره پس از درگیری نظر بدوزد. در مقاله پیش رو نشان داده شده است که این دو با یکدیگر ارتباط دارند و به طور موازی در وضعیت­‌های درگیری با هم به پیش می­روند. به فراخور موضوع مورد بحث، تحقیق حاضر یک تحقیق توصیفی-تحلیلی است و از طریق روش کتابخانه‌­ای صورت گرفته است. صلح و عدالتی که با مداخله و ورود صلح­بانان و نیروهای خارجی صورت می­گیرد (اصطلاحاً صلح و عدالت بالا به پایین) متفاوت از صلح و عدالت محلی و بدون ورود و مداخله خارجی (اصطلاحاً صلح و عدالت پایین به بالا) است و همیشه نتایج مشابهی ندارند. از این رو است که عدالت انتقالی و صلح‌­سازی، نه تنها در تضاد با هم نیستند بلکه با یک­دیگر مرتبط دانسته می­شوند. با این­حال، نتایج حاصل از بررسی رابطه عدالت انتقالی و صلح‌­سازی حاکی از آن است که این دو فرایند به دلیل پرداختن صرف به خشونت­‌های گذشته موجب شده است عدالت اقتصادی-اجتماعی یا رفتارهای روزمره عادی و اجتماعی به حاشیه رانده شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Interaction of Peacebuilding and Transitional Justice in the Internal Post-Conflict Period

نویسندگان [English]

  • Narges Sadat Hosseini 1
  • Mohamad Setayeshpur 2
1 PhD in International Law, Faculty of Law, University of Qom, Qom, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of International Law, Faculty of Law, University of Qom, Qom, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Peacebuilding and transitional justice are the intervention processes that are very important in war-torn societies in the post-conflict period, and their relations with each other are worthy of attention. There has always been the challenge of revenge and forgiveness, that is, criminal justice on the one hand and national reconciliation on the other. Regarding the interaction between Peacebuilding and transitional justice, distinct, conflicting, and even contradictory opinions have been raised. The following lines are intended to comment on the interaction of Peacebuilding and transitional justice in the post-conflict period. Therefore, it is shown that these two are related to each other and work parallel in conflict situations. According to the topic under discussion, the current research is descriptive-analytical and it was done through the library method. The following article has shown that the peace and justice that takes place with the intervention and entry of peacekeepers and foreign forces (so-called top-down peace and justice) is different from the local peace and justice without the entry and intervention of outsiders. (so-called peace and justice from the bottom up) and they do not always have the same results. Therefore, transitional justice and Peacebuilding are not only in conflict with each other. However, the results of the study of the relationship between transitional justice and Peacebuilding indicate that these two processes due to only dealing with past violence, have caused socio-economic justice or normal and social daily behaviors to be marginalized.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Interaction
  • Peace
  • Peacebuilding
  • Justice
  • Transitional Justice

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 04 مهر 1401
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 20 آبان 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 29 آذر 1401

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