مطالعه تطبیقی نهاد سجل قضایی در حقوق اسلام، ایران و فرانسه

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه حقوق جزا و جرم‌شناسی، واحد مراغه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مراغه، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی حقوق جزا و جرم‌ شناسی، واحد مراغه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مراغه، ایران

چکیده

سجل قضایی که به‌منظور شناسایی وضعیت قضایی هر شخص حقیقی و حقوقی به وجود آمده است، در تمامی مراحل دادرسی از زمان شروع تعقیب تا اجرای حکم و حتی پس از اجرای حکم کاربرد داشته و نقش اساسی در تصمیم‌گیری‌های پلیسی و قضایی در خصوص اشخاص ایفا می‌کند. این مقاله با هدف مطالعه تطبیقی نهاد سجل قضایی در حقوق اسلام و کشور ایران و فرانسه و بررسی جایگاه آن، با استفاده از اسناد و منابع کتابخانه‌ای و به روش توصیفی و تحلیلی به این نتیجه رسیده است که؛ تشکیل سجل قضایی برای افراد زیر 18 سال در ایران و عدم تشکیل آن در فرانسه، لزوم دست‌یابی به اطلاعات سجل قضایی در حقوق اسلام و دشوار بودن مراحل آن در ایران و سهولت آن در فرانسه، اخذ هزینه در دست‌یابی به سجل قضایی در ایران و رایگان بودن آن در فرانسه، عدم امکان حذف سابقه سجل قضایی در ایران و امکان حذف آن در فرانسه و لزوم بازاجتماعی شدن در حقوق اسلام، تقسیم‌بندی سجل قضایی به سه قسمت کیفری، حقوقی و اداری و جدا نمودن سجل محکومیت‌های مالی در ایران و عدم وجود چنین تقسیم‌بندی در فرانسه و نگرش مثبت به نهاد سجل قضایی در حقوق اسلام و فرانسه ازجمله تفاوت‌های این نهاد می‌باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

A Comparative Study of Judicial Record in Islamic, Iranian and French Law

نویسندگان [English]

  • Babak PourGhahramani 1
  • Mehrdad Teymouri 2
1 Associate Professor, Department of Criminal Law and Criminology, Maragheh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Maragheh, Iran
2 Ph.D Student in Criminal Law and Criminology, Maragheh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Maragheh, Iran
چکیده [English]

Judicial records, which are created to identify the judicial status of any natural or legal person, are used in all stages of the proceedings from the beginning of the prosecution to the execution of the sentence and even after the execution of the sentence and play a key role in police and judicial decisions. This article aims to make a comparative study of the institution of judicial record in Islamic law and the country of Iran and France and to examine its position, using library documents and resources and in a descriptive and analytical manner, has reached the conclusion that; Forming a judicial record for persons under 18 years of age in Iran and not forming it in France, the need to obtain judicial record information in Islamic law and its difficult steps in Iran and its ease in France, obtaining a fee to obtain a judicial record in Iran and free of charge Its presence in France, the impossibility of deleting the history of judicial record in Iran and the possibility of deleting it in France and the need for re-socialization in Islamic law, dividing the judicial record into three parts: criminal, legal and administrative and separating the record of financial convictions in Iran and the absence The divisions in France and the positive attitude towards the institution of the judiciary in Islamic and French law are among the differences between this institution.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Judicial Record
  • Criminal Record
  • Criminal Procedure
  • Restoration of Dignity
  • Islam
  • Iran
  • France
* The Holy Quran
* Nahj al-Balagha
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