نظام های حمایتی از کودکان نیازمند مراقبت؛ مطالعه موردی نظام حقوقی ایران و ترکیه

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد حقوق کیفری اطفال و نوجوانان، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار گروه حقوق کیفری و جرم شناسی، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

کودکان به دلیل شرایط جسمی و روحی ویژه ای که دارند، جزو گروه های آسیب پذیر جامعه هستند. این گروه از جامعه به دلیل ناتوان بودن یا کم توان بودن در جهت رفع مشکلات خود نیازمند حمایت دیگر افراد جامعه هستند. خانواده به عنوان اولین نهادی است که کودکان را حمایت می کند، لکن در طول تاریخ به دلایل گوناگون این نهاد کوچک گشته و تضعیف شده است. از این رو دولت ها باتوجه به اهمیت حمایت از کودکان و موثر بودن جایگاه آنان در آینده جامعه، سیاست هایی را بر مبنای حمایت از کودکان شکل دادند. نگاهی تطبیقی و مقایسه ای به انواع نظام های حمایت از کودکان باعث نمایان شدن نقاط قوت و ضعف هر یک از نظام ها شده و می تواند در آینده در جهت تدوین یک نظام حمایتی باکیفیت استفاده گردد. یافته ها نشان از این دارند که هر کشوری بر اساس مؤلفه های مختلف از جمله سیاسی، اقتصادی و فرهنگی نظام حمایتی متفاوتی نیز دارد، که نظام حمایتی ایران مبتنی بر حفاظت از کودکان و نظام حمایتی ترکیه مبتنی بر ارائه خدمات اجتماعی است. در این مطالعه که از روش توصیفی-تحلیلی و از منابع کتابخانه ای استفاده گردیده، ضمن بررسی انواع نظام های حمایت از کودکان به مطالعه موردی نظام های حمایتی کشورهای ایران و ترکیه پرداخته شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Child Protection Systems: A Case Study of the Legal Systems of Iran and Turkey

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Safar Orangi 1
  • GholamHasan Kooshki 2
1 Master's student in criminal law for children and adolescents, Faculty of Law and Political Sciences, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Criminal Law and Criminology, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Children are among the most vulnerable groups in society due to their special physical and mental conditions. This group of society needs the support of other people due to their inability to solve their problems. The family was the first institution to support children, but throughout history it has shrunk and weakened for a variety of reasons. Therefore, given the importance of child protection and the effectiveness of their position in the future of society, governments have formulated policies based on child protection. A comparative look at the types of child protection systems reveals the strengths and weaknesses of each system and can be used in the future to develop a high-quality support system. The findings show that each country has a different protection system based on various political, economic and cultural components. The Iranian protection system is based on child protection and the Turkish protection system is based on the provision of social services. In this study, which uses a descriptive-analytical method to analyze the data obtained form the library resources, while examining the types of child protection systems, a case study is condicted on the support systems in Iran and Turkey.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Iran
  • Turkey
  • Child protection system
  • Child welfare system
  • Foster family

 

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