جایگاه اسناد رسمی در امنیت مالی شهروندان در فقه امامیه و حقوق موضوعه

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری حقوق عمومی، واحد ساری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ساری، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه حقوق عمومی، واحد چالوس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، چالوس، ایران

3 استادیار مدعو گروه حقوق عمومی، واحد ساری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ساری، ایران؛ استادیار گروه حقوق، دانشگاه غیرانتفاعی شمال، آمل ،ایران.

چکیده

امنیت مالی شهروندان، اصلی است که مولد سیستماتیک سازی و پایداری نظم حقوقی و تضمین‌گر حقوق شهروندی و اجتماعی است که نه تنها امروزه در کانون توجه قرار گرفته است بلکه اهمیت آن دوچندان شده است و به نوعی به اصل الهام‌بخش کل سیستم حقوقی تبدیل شده است. از این منظر مقاله حاضر پس از بسط فضای مفهومی موضوع، به بررسی مسائل امنیت مالی خواهد پرداخت. مطابق با مستندات موضوعی ارائه شده در این پژوهش، روش تحقیق، توصیفی- تحلیلی و روش گردآوری اطلاعات در این پژوهش، کتابخانه‌ای می‌باشد. در مقاله این سوال مطرح است که اسناد رسمی چگونه می‌توانند موجبات تحقق امنیت مالی را فراهم نمایند؟ و این مسئله در فقه و حقوق موضوعه چگونه مطرح شده است؟ در پاسخ به سوال مقاله این فرض مطرح است که «به نظر می‌رسد که اسناد رسمی و بهره‌گیری از آنها می‌تواند حس ناامنی حقوقی و مالی را در جامعه از بین برده به همان نسبت احساس امنیت مالی در کنار امنیت حقوقی را ارتقاء دهد که این مسئله هم در فقه امامیه و هم در حقوق موضوعه بدان پرداخته شده است.» نتیجه‌ی کسب شده از مقاله این است که اگر چه در قوانین موضوعه و فقهی ایران بر سند رسمی تاکید شده است، ولی در عمل مالکیت بسیاری از املاک و مستغلات مبتنی بر اسناد و مدارک عادی بوده و فاقد سوابق ثبتی است که در صورت ابطال سند رسمی، موجبات عدم امینت حقوق مالی شهروندان فراهم می‌شود. پیشنهاد ارائه شده این است که می‌توان با نگاهی نو و جدید مبتنی بر فقه اسلامی که بر نوشته و سند، تاکید دارد، از سند رسمی در راستای تضمین حقوق مالی شهروندان بهره برد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Place of Official Documents in Financial Security of Citizens in Imami Jurisprudence and Law

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Abbasi atoie 1
  • Ali Babaee Mehr 2
  • Davod Qasemi 3
1 Student of Ph.D. in Public Law, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor Department of Public Law, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chalus, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor Department of Public Law,Sari -Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran. Assistant Professor Department of Law, Shomal University , Amol, Iran
چکیده [English]

Citizens' financial security is the principle that generates the systematization and stability of the legal order and guarantees civil and social rights. It is of high significance as the inspirational principle of the entire legal system. From this perspective, the present article, after expanding the conceptual space of the subject, examined the issues of financial security. According to the thematic documents presented in this research, a descriptive-analytical method has been used to analyze the data collected from the library sources. The research questions asked how official documents provided financial security and how this issue has been raised in jurisprudence and law. In regard to the questions raised, the research hypotheses were formulated as follows: it seems that the official documents can eliminate the sense of legal and financial insecurity in society and promote a sense of financial and legal security both in Imami jurisprudence and in subject law. The findings showed that, although the official document is emphasized in the subject and jurisprudential laws of Iran, in practice, the ownership of many real estates is based on ordinary documents and lacks the registration records. Hence, if the document is revoked, it causes insecurity of the citizens' financial rights. Therefore, it is proposed that with a new look based on Islamic jurisprudence, which emphasizes writing and documenting, the official document can be used to guarantee the financial rights of the citizens.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Security
  • Official document
  • Property
  • Transactions
  • Citizenship rights
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