Investigating the effect of the discovery of condition corruption on the proof of termination option with a comparative approach in contemporary jurisprudence and Iranian law

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Professor, Department of Jurisprudence and Law, Faculty of Theology and Islamic Studies, Farabi Campus, University of Tehran, Qom, Iran.

2 PhD in Private Law, Razavi University of Islamic Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

3 PhD in Jurisprudence and Fundamentals of Islamic Law, Faculty of Theology and Islamic Studies, Farabi Campus, University of Tehran, Qom, Iran

Abstract

One of the challenging issues in jurisprudence and law is to investigate the effect of the discovery of corruption of the condition after the conclusion of the contract on the right of conditional rescission. In this context, Imamiyyah and Sunni jurists have presented various views. Some believe that the contract is invalid, and others believe that the right of termination is created for conditional marriage. This research seeks to answer the question whether the discovery of the corruption of the condition after the conclusion of the contract will invalidate the contract or not? And if the contract is not invalidated, does the right of termination arise for the condition? Civil Code of Iran has also stated different rulings in this regard in various articles, which has led to confusion in this field. This research with a comparative approach and using a descriptive-analytical method seeks to provide a comprehensive answer to this problem and resolve existing ambiguities. The innovation of this research is to present a comprehensive rule based on the stipulation of the condition to solve this legal challenge.The findings of the research show that if the condition is conditional, i.e. the condition is an inseparable part of the contract and it is not possible to separate it from the point of view of utility, the discovery of its corruption will also lead to the annulment of the contract; However, if the condition is not a condition of consent and has a secondary aspect and is a desirable independent of the contract, the discovery of its corruption will only create the right of termination for the conditional. Based on this, it is possible to resolve the apparent conflict between articles 235 and 240 (which gives the right to terminate the contract) and articles 497 and 529 of the Civil Code.

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History

  • Receive Date: 08 December 2024
  • Revise Date: 22 February 2025
  • Accept Date: 27 March 2025

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